Mineral beneficiation shaker is an efficient gravity beneficiation equipment mainly used for the separation of fine-grained ores, especially in the selection of rare metals, precious metals, and non-ferrous metals. The following provides a detailed analysis from the aspects of working principle, equipment type, technical parameters, application scenarios, technological development, and market trends:

1、 Working principle and sorting mechanism

The mineral selection shaker achieves separation through differential reciprocating motion of the bed surface, transverse water flow flushing, and density/particle size differences of mineral particles. The specific process is divided into two stages:

Loose stratification: Mineral particles become loose under the vortex effect of horizontal water flow, heavy mineral particles sink to the bottom layer due to their high density, and light mineral particles float to the upper layer. At the same time, the longitudinal shaking of the bed surface causes a shear velocity difference between the interlayer particles, further promoting separation and stratification, ultimately forming a distribution of "fine-grained heavy minerals at the bottom layer and coarse-grained light minerals at the top layer".

Transport and transportation belt: The bottom heavy minerals are affected by the frictional force of the bed surface and move towards the concentrate end under negative acceleration; The upper layer of light minerals, due to their low friction coefficient, have a stronger horizontal water flow flushing effect and move towards the tailings side. Different types of mineral particles move in different directions, eventually forming fan-shaped zones on the bed surface, and discharging concentrate, intermediate ore, and tailings in sequence.

2、 Equipment type and technical parameters

According to their structure and application scenarios, mineral selection shakers can be divided into various types, with the main parameters as follows:

Type represents model, processing granularity, stroke/number, processing capability, application field

Mineral sand shaker 6-S type 2-0.074mm 8-36mm 240-380 times/min Coarse sand 1-2.5 tons/h Tungsten, tin, gold, iron and other coarse mineral sorting

Mud shaker cloud tin type 0.074-0.037mm 8-22mm/240-360 times/minute Mud 0.3-0.6 tons/hour Fine grained cassiterite, tantalum niobium ore, etc. sorting

Multi layer shaking table 9yc suspended 0.04-0.5mm 8-22mm/270-340 times/minute 9.6-2.8 tons/set, daily space saving for small and medium-sized mines

Intelligent shaking table, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology's new 0.02-2mm automatic adjustment efficiency improves by more than 30% for intelligent sorting of complex minerals such as tungsten ore

3、 Application scenarios and operational points

Core application:

Precious metal recycling: selection of sand gold and silver ore, with enrichment ratios up to tens of times.

Rare metal sorting: efficient separation of fine-grained minerals such as tantalum niobium ore and cassiterite.

Industrial solid waste treatment: Recovering valuable metals such as copper and gold from slag and electronic waste.

Operation optimization:

Parameter adjustment: Coarse grained materials use large stroke and small stroke (such as stroke 16-30mm), while fine-grained materials use small stroke and large stroke (such as stroke 250-300 times/minute).

Mineral control: Concentration of 15% -25% (coarse particles take the higher value), uniform particle size can improve sorting efficiency.

Environmental protection measures: Adopting a closed-loop water circulation system, the reuse rate of mineral processing wastewater after treatment exceeds 90%, and the tailings are concentrated, dehydrated, and re ground to reduce metal loss

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4、 Technological Development and Innovation

Intelligent upgrade:

Machine vision+intelligent control: The digital shaking table developed by Jiangxi University of Science and Technology recognizes the characteristics of the ore belt through high-definition cameras, automatically adjusts the bed slope and concentrate cutting plate position, improves mineral processing efficiency by 20%, and reduces energy consumption by 15%.

Remote monitoring system: Some high-end devices support Internet of Things access, which can monitor the operating status in real time and warn of faults.

Material and structural optimization:

Fiberglass bed surface: corrosion-resistant, lightweight, with a market share of 42.3%.

Centrifugal shaker: By strengthening the separation through centrifugal force, the processing capacity is increased by 50% compared to traditional shakers, and it is suitable for difficult to select minerals such as tantalum niobium ore.

5、 Market Status and Future Trends

Market size: In 2024, the scale of China's mineral processing shaker industry will reach 1.87 billion yuan, and it is expected to grow to 2.03 billion yuan by 2025. The penetration rate of intelligent equipment will increase from 18.6% to 21.4%.

Regional distribution: Southwest China (Yunnan, Sichuan) accounts for 34.5%, while East China (Jiangxi, Shandong) accounts for 28.4%. Shicheng County holds over 80% of the national market share for heavy-duty rocking beds and exports them to more than 30 countries.

Development direction:

Greening: Tailings dry discharge and zero wastewater discharge technology have become standard, and some mines have increased their recovery rates by 8 percentage points through tailings regrinding and selection.

Large scale and integrated: Large shaking tables with processing capacity exceeding 10 tons/hour are gradually being applied to large-scale mines, forming a joint separation process with jigs and flotation machines.

6、 Comparative advantages and limitations

Indicator beneficiation shaker and jigs

Small processing capacity (2-3 tons/hour) and large processing capacity (over 40 tons/hour)

Recovery rate 90% -92% (selected) 92% -97% (coarse selection+selected)

Suitable for fine and fine particles (0.02-2mm), coarse, medium, and fine particles (0-8mm)

The equipment cost is moderate (12000 to 25000 yuan/unit) and relatively high (over one million yuan for large equipment)

Low maintenance complexity (simple structure, few vulnerable parts) and high maintenance complexity (requiring regular replacement of components such as diaphragms)

summary

The mineral selection shaker occupies an irreplaceable position in the mining industry due to its high enrichment ratio, low energy consumption, and unique sorting advantages for fine-grained minerals. With the continuous breakthroughs in intelligent and green technologies, their application scenarios will further expand to emerging fields such as deep-sea mineral development and urban mineral recovery. In the future, the mineral selection shaker industry will show a development trend of "high efficiency, intelligence, and intensification", providing key equipment support for the sustainable development of global mineral resources.